Does hubble’s law work well for galaxies in the local group? Why or why not?

Why do we say that galaxies in the Local Group don’t obey the Hubble’s law?

They are: Hubble’s Law only works for distant galaxies. … For nearby galaxies, though, their peculiar velocity is larger than their velocity from the expansion, so their peculiar velocity dominates their total velocity, causing them to lie far from the line relating velocity to distance.

What became of Hubble’s system of classifying galaxies?

After he discovered what galaxies really were, Edwin Hubble became the first person to classify galaxies. Astronomers use his system, called the “Hubble Tuning Fork,” even today. First, Hubble divided the galaxies into two general categories: elliptical and spiral galaxies.

How were astronomers able to determine that the spiral nebulae were actually distant galaxies?

How were astronomers able to determine that the spiral nebulae were actually distant galaxies? Edwin Hubble discovered a Cepheid in M31 and determined its distance to be well outside of the Milky Way. … An SBc galaxy in the Hubble classification system would have… a barred spiral shape with loose arms.

What are the limitations of Hubble’s law?

Following are the limitations of Hubble’s law which makes the measurement challenges: Because of the intrinsic motion of galaxies, observed velocity gets influenced. Galaxy orbiting due to gravitational movements.

Is Hubble’s law true?

If the theory is not correct, the distances determined in this way are all nonsense. Most astronomers believe that Hubble’s Law does, however, hold true for a large range of distances in the universe. It should be noted that, on very large scales, Einstein’s theory predicts departures from a strictly linear Hubble law.

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Why is Hubble’s law so important?

Because the exact value of the Hubble constant, H, is so important in extragalactic astronomy and cosmology – it leads to an estimate of the age of the universe, helps test theories of Dark Matter and Dark Energy, and much more – a great deal of effort has gone into working it out. …

What are the 4 types of galaxies?

In 1936, Hubble debuted a way to classify galaxies, grouping them into four main types: spiral galaxies, lenticular galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and irregular galaxies. More than two-thirds of all observed galaxies are spiral galaxies.

What is the major disadvantage of Hubble’s classification system?

Shortcomings. A common criticism of the Hubble scheme is that the criteria for assigning galaxies to classes are subjective, leading to different observers assigning galaxies to different classes (although experienced observers usually agree to within less than a single Hubble type).

How do you categorize galaxies?

Edwin Hubble invented a classification of galaxies and grouped them into four classes: spirals, barred spirals, ellipticals and irregulars. He classified spiral and barred spiral galaxies further according to the size of their central bulge and the texture of their arms.

What is the major difference between an elliptical galaxy and a spiral galaxy?

While spiral galaxies are bright, elliptical galaxies are dim. Spiral galaxies are hotbeds of star formation, but elliptical galaxies aren’t nearly as prolific because they contain less gas and dust, which means fewer new (and brighter) stars are born.

What is the most accurate way to determine the distance to a very distant galaxy?

For more-distant galaxies, astronomers rely on the exploding stars known as supernovae. Like Cepheids, the rate at which a certain class of supernovae brighten and fade reveals their true brightness, which then can be used to calculate their distance.

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How many galaxies are thought to exist?

200 billion galaxies

Why is Hubble’s Constant uncertain?

The reason we call it the Hubble constant is because the Universe expands at the same rate at every location in the Universe: the Hubble constant is constant throughout space. But the expansion rate, and therefore the value of the Hubble constant, changes with time.

What is Hubble’s law formula?

Hubble’s Law – One of the most important formulas of the 20th century. … Formula: v = Ho d where: v = velocity of a galaxy, in km/s. Ho = Hubble Constant, measured in km/s/Mpc.

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